Carving-machine.



PATENTED SEPT. 13, 1904.

G. A. BAGHURST.

GARVING MACHINE.

APPLICATION rum) JAN. 12, 1904.

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N0 MODEL.

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1 ATTORNEY.

WITNESSES M No. 769,931. PATENTED SEPT. 13, 1904.

G. A. BAGHURST.

GARVING MACHINE. APPLICATION FILED JAN. 12, 1904.

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W TNESSES INVENTOR ,iMM j W a W i jimca/ A TTORNEV.

No. 769,931. PATENTED SEPT. 13, 1904. G. A. BAGHURST.

GARVING MACHINE.

APPLIOATION FILED JAN. 12, 1904.

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No. 769,981. I PATENTED SEPT. 13, 1904. G. A. BAGHURST.

GARVING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED JAN. 12, 1904. N0 MODEL. V 4 SHEETS-SHEET L TNITEDSTATES Patented September 13, 1904.

GEORGE A. BAGHURST, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

CARVING-IVIACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 769,931, datedSeptember 13, 1904. Application filed January 12, 1904. Serial No,188,774- \No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, GEORGE A. BAGHURST, a citizen of the United States.residing at Philadelphia, in the county of Philadelphia and State ofPennsylvania, have invented a new and useful Carving-Machine, of whichthe following is a specification.

My invention resides in a carving-machine whereby carvings in wood,plaster, and other materials may be made or reproduced from patterns ormodels. This reproduction may consist in producing a carving eitherlarger than or smaller than the pattern or model, and,'furthermore, thereproductions may be the reverse of the pattern'or model or eitherlarger or smaller than the model or, of course, of the same size.Furthermore, one or a plurality of reproductions may be simultaneouslymade, part of them being enlargements or reductions and partreverse-carvings, if desired.

My invention consists of apparatus for carrying out the aforementionedoperations and resides also in structural features hereinafter pointedout and claimed.

Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1is a general plan view of the carving-machine. Fig. 2 is a sideelevation of the same, partly in. section. Fig. 3 is a side view, partlyin section, of the support for the toolcarrying arm. Fig. 4 is a frontview, partly in section, of the same. Fig. 5 is a side elevation of thetool-head as mounted on the tool-carrying arm. Fig. 6 is an endelevational view, partly in section, of the toolhead as cooperating withthe tool-carrying arm. Fig. 7 is a plan view of the guide and cross-headof the reversing attachment. Fig. 8 is an end view of Fig. 7, showingthe guide in section. Fig. 9 is a front elevation of the feelerattachment. Fig. 10 is a plan view of the independent tables and themechanism connecting them. Fig. 11 is an end view, partly in section, ofthe same parts shown in Fig. 10. Fig. 12 is a modification for securingthe reversed movement of the arms. Figs. 13 and 14 are furthermodifications of means for securing the reversed motion of the arms.

In the drawings, 1 represents the floor or a support for thecarving-machine, the standards 2 and 3 resting thereon and supportingthe fixed table 4, between which and the movable tables 5 and 5 are therollers 6, 6, and 7, permitting the backward and forward movement of thetables 5 and 5 with the expenditure of a minimum amount of force. To thetable 5 are secured by clamps, screws, gluing, or otherwise the patternor model, as well as the material to be carved. These are represented by8 and 9, 8 in this instance being the pattern or model and 9representing a reverse-carving to be reproduced therefrom.

At the top of each of the two posts 3 is a bearing 10, in which theshafts 11 have a movement of rotation, thus permitting the rocking ofthe frame 12. Each shaft 11 is secured to one end of the frame 12, whichis to all intents and purposes of a girder or beam construction. Itconsists of top and bottom members 13. (Shown in section in Fig. 2.)These members 13 are channel-shaped or otherwise grooved to permit thelongitudinal adjustment therein of the pivotal supports of each of thetool-carrying arms 14 and 15. Each of the tool-carrying arms has twobearing-hubs 16 and 17. (Shown in section in Fig. 2.) These hubs bearupon and embrace the members 18 and 19, respectively, (also shown insection in Fig. 2,) and are the members which are movable longitudinallyin the frame 12 for the purpose of changing the position of the pivotalsupports of the tool-carrying arms. For this purpose members 18 and 19are integral with the supporting and adjustable frame, having sides 1818, engaging in members 13 13, and having sides 19 19. Concentric withthe hubs 16 and 17 and extending through the centers of the members 18and 19 is the vertical shaft 20, to which are secured the two pulleys 21and 22.

23 is the driving-belt running over pulley 21 and the pulley 24:, whichlatter is secured to the power-shaft 25, having bearings at 26 and 27Each of the tool-carrying arms is so equipped with pulleys, bearings,hubs, members slidable in frame 12, driving-belt, and driving-pulley.For example, the arm 14: is supplied at its pivoted end with pulleys 28and 29, driving-belt 30, and driving-pulley 31.

In the outer end'of the arm 15 is a pulley 32, secured to the verticalspindle 33, in the lower end of which is secured the feeler orcarvingtool 34. The spindle 33 is mounted and has bearings in thetool-head 35, (shown in section in Fig. 6,) which embraces the upper andlower sections 36 and 37 of the arm 15. For rigidity these members 36and 37 are connected together at their outer end by the strap or member38. The lower member 37 is divided, as shown in Fig. 6, to permit thelongitudinal movement of the spindle 33 along the arm 15. For clampingthe tool-head at any desired position along the arm 15 are supplied theset-screws 39. Running over the pulley 22 and the pulley 32 is the belt40.

In order to conveniently and promptly tighten the belt 40 in the caseswhere the toolhead 35 is adjusted to positions nearer the pivotal end ofthe arm 15 are supplied the fixed idler 41 and the adjustable idler 42.Idler 41 has a bearing in the arm or extension 43, secured to the arm15. Pivoted to the arm 15 at 44 is the movable arm 45, in whose outer'end is mounted the idler 42. 45 is an are or segmentsecured to the arm15 and serves for clamping the arm .45 in diiferent positions. It isthus seen that the belt 40, running over these idlers, may be tightenedfor any position of the tool-head 35.

At the outer end of the arm 15 may be secured a handle 46 as aconvenientmeans for grasping and guiding the feeler or carvingtool. Suchhandle can also be supplied to any or all of the tool-carrying arms.

47 is a belt running over pulley 29 and pulley 48, secured in tool-head49, capable of longitudinal adjustment along the arm 14. The pulley 48drives a spindle and carving-tool, as shown in Figs. 5 and 6, thetool-head 49 and the arm 14 being similar to tool-head 35 and arm 15, asheretofore described. The belt 47 passes over idlers 41 and 42, whosepurpose has been described.

Midway between the pivotal supports of the arms 14 and 15 there issecured to the rocking frame 12 the guide-bar 50, extending at rightangles to the axis of said frame 12. This guide 50 is secured to theframe 12 by bolts, clamps, or any suitable means, it being essentialthat the bar 50 be always secured midway between the pivotal support ofthe arms, such as 14 and 15, regardless of what may be the position oftheir pivotal supports'in the frame 12. The cross-section of thisguide-bar 50 is T-shaped, as seen in Fig. 8. Adapted to re ciprocatelongitudinally over this guide-bar 50 is provided the cross-head 51. Twosimilar bars or struts 54 and have pivotal bearing on the crossshead 51at 52 and 53, respectively. The outer ends of the bars 54 and 55 aresimilarly pivoted to arms 14 and 15 at 56 and 57, respectively. Inconsequence of this link connection between the arms 14 and 15 anymotion of thearm 15 about its pivotal support in the frame 12 isaccompanied by similar'but opposite motion of the arm 14 about itspivotal support in the frame12 for the purpose of reproducing reversedcarvings, as hereinafter described. To the rocking frame 12 there issecured also an arm or member 58, along which may be adjusted to anysuitable position the counterweight 59. By this means the arms 14 and 15and their appurtenances may be practically balanced about the axis ofthe shaft 11, .so that the feelers or carvingtools may be raised andlowered from and toward the table with great delicacy and with aconsequent facility of control on the part of the operator.

The operation of the machine is as follows when reproducing a reversedcarving of the same size as the pattern or model: With a feeler ortracer secured in the spindle 33 at the outer end of arm 15, havingpreviously thrown off the belt 23, the model or pattern 8 is traced withthe feeler or tracer 34 by the operator. In the correspondingspindle inthe tool-head 49 at the outer end of the arm 14 is secured a cutting orcarving tool driven by the pulley 48 through the medium of belts 47 and30. By moving the tables 5 and 5' (clamped together for this purpose)backward and forward all cutting in the direction of the arrows at isaccomplished. All cutting in the nature of increasing or decreasing thedepth of the carvingthat is, all cutting in a vertical directionin thedirection of the arrows cis accomplished in virtue of the rocking motionof the tool-carrying arm about the horizontal shafts 11, the feeler ortracer and the cutting-tools being raised and low- IIO the pattern ormodel 8, but that the carving in the material 9 is reversed andsymmetrical with respect to the model 8. This reversing of thefigureisdue to the rods 54 and 55, heretofore described. As the arm 15moves in the direction of the arrow 03 thecross-head 52 moves in thedirection of the arrow e, thus forcing the arm 14 in the direction ofthe arrow f, thus causing the cutting-tool carried by arm 14 toreproduce the motion of the feeler or tracer carried by arm 15, but in areversed direction. To reproduce the model or pattern 8 on a smallerscale and at the same time reversed, it is simply necessary to move thetool-head 49 inwardly on the arm 14 toward the support in the frame 12and at the same time tightening up the belt 47 oy means of the idlers 41and 42, carried by arm 14. In this manner the breadth and the depth ofthe carving will be proportionately reduced. Since the carving tool willthen be nearer the axis of the shafts 11,,the depth of the carving willbe correspondingly decreased, because the vertical motion of thecutting-tool is proportionately decreased. Similarly, since thecuttingtool is then nearer the pivotal bearing of the arm 14 its motionin the direction of the arrow f will be proportionately decreased, thusproportionately decreasing the width of the carving; but with themovable tables 5 and 5 rigidly secured together, so that all parts movethrough equal distances, the length of this carving will be equal to thelength of the model or pattern, thus giving, in effect, a long andslender design frequently sought after in practice. However, if it isalso desired that the length of this reduced reversed carving shall beproportionately changed the moving tables are no longer socured togetherrigidly, but through the intervention of levers or links, as shown inFigs. 10 and 11. In Fig. 11 the two tables 5 and 5 are shown incross-section. Secured to the under side of the table 5 is the member60, carrying at its lower end the pivotpin'61, which engages in the slot63 at the left-hand end of the lever 62, pivoted by the pin 64, securedin the upwardly-extending member 65, which is in turn secured to thecross-bar or member 66. In other words, the pivot 64 is fixed. 1n theright-hand end of lever 62 is a slot 62*, which embraces the pin 67secured to the member 67, which has a linear motion parallel to-thedirection of the movement of the tables, and is guided for such movementin a slot in the central web 4 of the table 4. Also embracing the pin 67is the slot 68 in the lefthand end of the lever 69. At 70 is a pivotpinembraced by the slot 69 of the lever 69, such pin being secured to themember 71. In 71 engages, by ,screw-threads, the rod 72, on whoseright-hand end is secured the handwheel 73. Said rod 72 has a bearing inthe framing of the machine at 74, a collar being provided on the rod oneither side of such frame. By turning the hand-wheel 73 the pivot-pin 70 may be adjusted as to its distance to the right or left. The member 71is in turn secured to the member 75, which is capable of sliding overthe bar 66, and is thus the means for holding fixed the pivot-pin 7 0after having been adjusted to any desired position. The right-hand endof the lever 69 has a pivotal bearing on a pivot-pin 7 6, which issecured in the lower end of the member 77, secured to the under side ofthe table 5. By this system of pivots and levers the table 5 moves inthe same direction as the table 5, but at a rate relativeto the motionof the table 5 dependent upon the position of the pivotpin 70. As thepivot-pin70 is brought nearer ble 5 with respect to the rate of thetable 5 is made less and less. If, for example, it is I desired toreproduce a carving which shall be of three-quarters the length of thepattern or model, the hand-wheel 73 is turned until the member 75 ismoved to the graduation-mark on the member 66 and opposite which is thecharacter it or other suitable character. When in this position, thepivot-pin 70 is at the proper distance from the pivot-pin 76 to securethe proper relative motions of the tables 5 and 5. The graduation-markson the member 66 are obtained by calibration and serve to facilitateadjustment for any desired reduction or enlargement. If at the same timeit is desired that the width of the carving shall be three-quarters ofthe width of the pattern,'the tool-head 49 is moved along the arm 14one-quarter of the distance between the center of the tool-head and thepivotal center of the arm in frame 12, as shown in Fig. 1. It is alsopossible to enlarge carvings by keeping the cutting-tool at the end ofarm 14, for example, and placing the model or pattern 8 nearer the pivotof the arm 15 in the frame 12.

When it is desired to produce two carvings from a pattern or model, Iremove the rods 54 and 55 and connect the points 56 and 57 together bymeans of the frame 78. (Shown in Fig. 9.) In such case both the arms 14and 15 carry cutting-tools, while the frame 78 carries the feeler ortracer 7 9 for tracing the pattern or model.

Obviously I may add more arms for carrying cutting-tools, which may beconnected together by any means securing the reversed carving or bymeans similar to the frame 78. For example, several other arms may beadded beyond the arm 14 and interconnected with each other and the arm14 by such means as the frame 78. Simultaneously the arms 14 and 15 maybe connected together by the rods 54 and 55, so that the arm 14 and eachof the additional arms will cause the production of carvings which aresimilar to each other, but the reverse of the pattern traced. by thetracer or feeler carried by the arm 15. It is obvious also that some ofthese additional arms may produce carvings of reduced size by the meansheretofore explained. It is equally obvious that enlargements may bemade by these additional arms.

In Fig. 12 is shown a modified means for causing the reversed motion ofarm 14 with respect to the arm 15 for producing reversed carvings. Tothe arm 14 and concentric with its pivot-bearing in frame 12 is securedthe wheel 80, and a similar wheel 81 is similarly secured to the arm 15.The two straps 82 and 83, of steel or other suitable material, are

secured to the rims of the wheels by means of suitable clamps 84. It isthus seen that the arm 14 will be controlled by the arm 15 to 5 thepivot-pin 76 the rate of travel of the ta- 1 move through equal angulardistances. In

case it is desirable to separate the arms 14 and 15 by greater or lessdistance than shown the clamps 84 are loosened and the straps 82 and 83drawn taut when the arms 14 and 15 have been adjusted to their newposition, and then the clamps are again tightened.

In Fig.13 is a further modified means for causing the reversed motion ofthe arm 14 with respect to the arm 15. The member 85 is secured to theframe 12 midway between the arms 14 and 15. Approximate the outer end ofthe member 85 is the pivot 86, about which rotates the lever 87. 88 is apivot-pin carried by the arm 87, and 89 is a pivot-pin in the arm 15.The rod 90 connects these two pivot-pins. Similarlythe rod 91 connectsthe two pivot-pins 92 and 93, carried by the lever 87 and the arm 14,respectively. By this means the arm 14 is caused to have a reversedangular movement with respect to the angular movement of the arm 15.

In Fig. 14 is shown afurther modified means for causing the reversedangular movement of arm 14 with regard to arm 15. Secured to the arm 14concentrically with itspivot in the frame 12 is the member 94, carryingthe toothed arc member- 95. Meshing with the teeth of the member aresimilar teeth on the portion 96, carried by the member 97, which issecured to the arm 15 concentrically with its pivotal mounting in theframe 12. In this manner the arm 15 drives the arm 14, but in anopposite direction. When it is desired to separate the arms 14 and 15 togreater distances, the members 94 and 97, which are telescopic, may becorrespondingly adjusted,

so as to maintain engagement between the.

teeth on members 95 and 96 and at a point midway between the pivots ofarms 14 and 15.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire tosecure by Letters Patent, is

1. In a carving-machine, a pivoted tool-carrying arm, a pivotedtracer-carrying arm, means for adjusting the tool and tracer todifferent distances from the pivotal supports of their respectivecarrying-arms, means permitting the adjustment of the pivotal supportsof the arms toward and away from each other, and a connection betweensaid arms, whereby the tracer and carving-tool describe similar paths.

2. In a carving-machine, a frame, a toolcarrying arm pivoted to saidframe, a tracercarrying arm pivoted to said frame, means for adjustingthe distance between the pivots of said arms, means for adjusting thetracer to different distances from the pivot of its supporting-arm, andmeans for causing said arms to describe similar paths.

3. In acarvingmachine,a work-table, a pattern-table, means for causingsaid tables to travel at predetermined rates with respect to each other,a pivoted frame, a tool-carrying arm pivoted to said frame, atracer-carrying arm pivoted to said frame, means for adjusting the tooland tracer to different distances from the pivotal supports of the saidarms, means permitting the adjustment of the pivotal supports of thearms toward and away from each other, and means for causing said arms todescribe similar paths.

4. In a carving-machine, a pivoted frame, a tool-carrying arm pivotallymounted in said frame, a tracer-carrying arm pivoted in said frame,means permitting the adjustment of the pivotal supports of the armstoward and away from each other, a guide-bar connected to the framebetween said arms, connections between said guide-bar and said arms formoving either arm through a path similar to the path traversed by itscompanion arm, and a counterweight for balancing the system about theaxis of the pivoted frame.

5. In a carving-machine, a pivoted tool-carrying arm, a pivotedtracer-carrying arm, means for adjusting the tool to different distancesfrom the pivotal support of its supporting-arm, means permitting theadjustment of the pivotal supports of said arms toward and away fromeach other, and means for causing said arms to describe similar paths.

6. In a carving-machine, a pivoted tool-carrying arm, a pivotedtracer-carrying arm, means for adjusting the tracer to differentdistances from the pivot of its supporting-arm, means permitting theadjustment of the pivotal supports of said arms toward and away fromeach other, and means for causing said arms to describe similar paths.

7 In a carving-machine, a pivoted frame, a toolcarrying arm pivotallymounted in said frame, a tracer-carrying arm pivoted in said frame,means for adjusting the tool and tracer to different distances from thepivotal supports of their respective arms, means permitting theadjustment of the pivotal supports of the arms toward and away from eachother, a guide-bar connected to the frame between said arms, andconnections between said guide-bar and said arms for moving either armthrough a path similar to the path traversed by its companion arm.

8. In a carving-machine, a pattern-table, a work-table, means forcausing said tables to travel at predetermined rates with respect toeach other, a pivoted frame, a tool-carrying arm pivoted to said frame,a tracer-carrying arm pivoted to said frame, means per-. mitting theadjustment of the pivotal supports of the arms toward and away from eachother, a guide-bar connected to the frame between said arms, and meansassociated with the guide-bar and the arms for moving either arm througha path similar to the path traversed by its companion arm.

9. In a carving-machine, a work-table, a pattern-table, means forcausing the tables to travel at predetermined rates with respect to eachother, a pivoted frame, a tool-carrying arm pivoted to said frame, acarving-tool supported by said arm, a tracer-carrying arm pivoted tosaid frame, a tracer carried by the last-mentioned arm. a driving-beltsupported by each of said arms, a driving-pulley arranged concentricwith the pivotal axis of each of said arms for driving said belts, meansfor adjusting the tool and tracer to different distances from thepivotal support of their respective arms, means for tightening saidbelts for each position of said tool and tracer, means permitting theadjustment of the pivotal supports of said arms toward and away fromeach other, and means for causing said arms to describe similar paths.

10. In a carving-machine, a pivoted frame, a tool-carrying arm pivotedto said frame, a tracer-carrying arm pivoted to said frame, means foradjusting the distance between the pivots of said arms, means foradjusting the carving-tool to different distances from the pivot of itssupporting-arm, and means for causing said arms to describe similarpaths.

11. In a carving-machine, a pivoted frame, a pair of frames arrangedwithin said pivoted frame, a tool-carrying arm pivoted in one of saidpair of frames, a tracer-carrying arm pivoted in the other of said pairof frames, means for adjusting the tool and tracer to differentdistances from the pivotal support of their respective arms, meanspermitting the adjustment of said pair of frames toward and away fromeach other, and means for causing said arms to describe similar paths.

12. In a carving-machine, a pivoted frame, a pair of frames arrangedwithin said pivoted frame, a tool-carrying arm pivoted in one of saidpair of frames, a tracer-carrying arm piv oted in the other of said pairof frames, means for adjusting the tool and tracer to differentdistances from the pivotal supports of their respective arms, meanspermitting the adjustment of said pair of frames toward and away fromeach other, means for causing said arms to describe similar paths, and acounterweight connected to said pivoted frame between the saidadjustable frames for balancing the system about the axis of the pivotedframe.

13. In a carving-machine, a pivoted frame, a pair of frames arrangedwithin said pivoted frame, said pair of frames being arranged foradjustment toward and away from each other within the pivoted frame andlongitudinally of the latter, a tool-carrying arm pivoted to one of saidpair of frames, a tracer-carrying arm pivoted to the other of said pairof frames, means for adjusting the tooland tracer to different distancesfrom the pivotal support of their-respective arms, a guide-bar connectedto the pivoted frame between said arms, and connections between saidguide-bar and the arms for causing the latter to describe similar paths.

14:. In a carving-machine, a pivoted frame, a tool-carrying armpivotally mounted in said frame, a tracer-carrying arm pivoted in saidframe, a guide-bar connected to the frame between said arms, connectionsbetween said guide-bar and said arms for moving either arm through apath similar to the path traversed by its companion arm, and acounterweight for balancing the system about the axis of the pivotedframe.

15. Ina carving-machine, a pivoted frame, a tool-carrying arm pivotallymounted in said frame, a carving-tool supported by said arm, means foradjusting said carving-tool along said arm, a driving-belt supported bysaid arm, means for tightening said belt for each position of thecarving-tool along its arm, a tracer-carrying arm pivotally mounted insaid frame, a tracer supported by the last-mentioned arm, means foradjusting said tracer along its arm, a driving-belt supported by thelatter, means for tightening said belt for each position of the traceralong its arm, connections between said arms for causing one arm to movethrough a path similar to the path traversed by its companion arm, and acounterweight connected to said frame betweenthe said adjustable framesfor balancing the system about the axis of the pivoted frame, thepivotal connections of the arms being adjustable toward and away fromeach other.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand in the presence of twosubscribing witnesses.

GEORGE A. BAGHURST.

Witnesses 2 LILIAN M. CREAMER, MAE KOFMANN.

